000			02066nam a22002417a 4500
008			240828b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
020			_a9780197696750
037			_cPurchased _nMathrubhumi Books,Kaloor
041			_aEnglish
082			_a909.82 _bSMI/GR
100			_aSmil,Vaclav
245			_aGRAND TRANSITIONS : How the Modern World Was Made
250			_a1
260			_aNew York _bOxford University Press _c2023/01/01
300			_g363
500			_a From one of the world's leading experts on the history of energy, a rigorous examination of the transitions that structure our modern world--and the environmental reckoning that will mark its success or failure. What makes the modern world work? The answer to this deceptively simple question lies in four "grand transitions" of civilization--in populations, agriculture, energy, and economics--which have transformed the way we live. Societies that have undergone all four transitions emerge into an era of radically different population dynamics, food surpluses (and waste), abundant energy use, and expanding economic opportunities. Simultaneously, in other parts of the world, hundreds of millions remain largely untouched by these developments. Through erudite storytelling, Vaclav Smil investigates the fascinating and complex interactions of these transitions. He argues that the moral imperative to share modernity's benefits has become more acute with increasing economic inequality, but addressing this imbalance would make it exceedingly difficult to implement the changes necessary for the long-term preservation of the environment. Thus, managing the fifth transition--environmental changes from natural-resource depletion, biodiversity loss, and global warming--will determine the success or eventual failure of the grand transitions that have made the world we live in today.
650			_aCivilization, Modern History
650			_aEconomic history
650			_aPopulation History
650			_aTechnology and civilization History
942			_cLEN
942			_2ddc
999			_c193348 _d193348